PowerPlex Y23 System: A Fast, Sensitive and Reliable Y-STR Multiplex System for Forensic and Population Genetic Purpose

نویسندگان

  • Toshi Jain
  • Pankaj Shrivastava
  • Veena Ben Trivedi
چکیده

Y-STR genotyping is an excellent tool for the identification of male DNA masked by female DNA, particularly in sexual assault cases where, more often the male and female components cannot be separated completely. Resultant, the female component could exist prominently even in the male component after separation. When the "male DNA sample mixed with female DNA” undergoes PCR by using autosomal STR multiplex amplification process, the female DNA component is also amplified, mostly masking the male DNA. Recently launched Y-STR kit, PowerPlex Y23 (PP Y23) System is a 5-dye multiplex genotyping kit that analyzes 17 Y-STR loci, commonly available in other Y-STR multiplex kits (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, and Y-GATA-H4) along with that 6 new Y-STR loci (DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643). The addition of 6 new markers has made the Y-STR analysis more discriminating. The purpose of the present study is to show the amplification of male DNA from a wide variety of forensic samples using half the manufacturer’s recommended reaction volume. Also the present study validates the kit for its use in Forensic casework. The results demonstrate that the PPY23 System is a robust and sensitive multiplex system, capable of giving reliable and consistent amplification results from a wide variety of forensic casework samples. Even the presence of high concentration of commonly encountered inhibitors such as hematin (from Blood) and humic acid (from soil), male/female DNA mixtures and low amounts of DNA template (15.62 pg) could not hamper the process of amplification. Forensic DNA typing, especially in sexual assault cases which bump into issues like unsuccessful separation of male and female cells. Complete separation of male and female cells in not feasible in aforementioned cases because of certain reasons like, age and/or quality of semen stains, azoospermic men, the presence of other body fluids from victim and suspect of different sex, and, two or more male semen donors. The ability to target polymorphisms on the NRY region and the recent availability of improved multiplex markers for NRY, has made it possible to analyse such samples that were previously difficult to interpret. To understand the demographic history of human populations, Y chromosome has been widely used in anthropology and population genetics as well [10]. Two classes of NRY markers, short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (Y-SNPs) are being used in the present scenario. The combination of alleles at multiple Y-STR loci, on a single Y chromosome defines a Y-STR haplotype, whereas the combination of alleles at multiple SNPs defines a NRY haplogroup [11]. The high geographic specificity of many NRY haplogroups [8,12] aids forensic scientists in narrowing down the geographic location of the perpetrator (male) with the help of circumstantial evidence left at the crime scene. The forensic utility of Y-STRs is the result of their high levels of polymorphism in human populations [13], their small size in base pairs Citation: Jain T, Shrivastava P, Bansal DD, Dash HR, Trivedi VB (2016) PowerPlex Y23 System: A Fast, Sensitive and Reliable Y-STR Multiplex System for Forensic and Population Genetic Purpose. J Mol Biomark Diagn 7: 281. doi:10.4172/2155-9929.1000281

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تاریخ انتشار 2016